火焰原子吸收法间接测定磷矿中氯   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

达刘生 《岩矿测试》1997,16(1):80-81

火焰原子吸收法间接测定磷矿中氯达刘生１云南个旧市化肥厂中心化验室个旧６６１４１１目前磷矿中Ｃｌ－含量的测定多采用浊度法、氯离子选择电极法及离子色谱法。本文采用火焰原子吸收法来间接测定磷矿中Ｃｌ－，即在试样溶液中加入定量的Ａｇ＋，试样中Ｃｌ－与Ａｇ＋生...  相似文献   

海洋中磷的循环与沉积作用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

东野脉兴 《化工矿产地质》1996,18(3):191-195

磷在海洋中的循环与沉积主要是靠生物作用进行的。海洋表层水中的溶解磷几乎全部被海洋植物摄取，海洋植物及动物死亡后最终以生物碎屑的形式沉入海底，在其沉降和到达深层水的过程中大部分被分解、破坏，变成可溶组分又重新返回海水，使深层水中磷浓度提高。含磷浓度高的深层水被上升洋流带到表层后又被生物吸收，重复循环。当上升洋流抵达大陆边缘，特别是遇有陆缘坻存在时，磷等营养物质滞留，导致磷质生物大量繁衍，死亡后沉积，并经成岩作用，便形成大规模的工业磷块岩矿床  相似文献   

气相色谱和薄层色谱法在形态分析中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

方国桢  方梅 《岩矿测试》1996,15(4):299-310

评述了气相色谱和薄层色谱法用于氯、溴、碘、硫、硒、碲、铬、氮、磷、砷、钒、碳、锡、铅、铁和汞１６种元素的不同形态分析的进展。这些形态包括不同价态、有机态、无机态、阳离子和阴离子态等。由于气相色谱和薄层色谱法都具有分离和检测两种功能结合的特点，因此它们是用于元素形态分析的有效和方便的方法。引用１９８０～１９９４年文献９２篇  相似文献   

一种新的流动注射在线共沉淀技术的研究及应用     

邹海峰  姜桂兰  徐淑坤  方肇伦 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1997,(4)

建立了应用流动注射在线共沉淀分离富集火焰原子吸收法测定天然水样中痕量铬的价态分析方法。利用铬（Ⅲ）在碱性条件下与氢氧化镧形成共沉淀而与共存离子分离并得到富集，沉淀不需过滤，直接用稀盐酸从编织反应器（ＫＲ）中溶解并洗脱下来，用原子吸收测定。本体系的浓集倍率２２，检出限（３σ）０．８μｇ／Ｌ，相对标准偏差（ｎ＝１１）２．７２％，用水标样考察，分析结果与推荐值相符。该方法成功地用于天然水中铬的快速测定。  相似文献   

Distribution and Elimination of Lead Species in Soils Related to GAP of Chinese Medicinal Materials of Ligusticum Chuanxiong Hort     

DENG Tian-long~ 《地球科学进展》2004,(Z1)

In this paper, the sequential extraction procedure was used for the selection of fractions of lead in seven stages corresponding to lead exchangeable, lead bounded to carbonates, to manganese oxides, to organic matters, to amorphous iron, and lead associated to crystallized iron, and to residuals. The vertical distributions of lead species were carried out in the soils related to good agriculture progress (GAP) of Chinese medical materials of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort in Dujiangyan city and Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province. Based on those researches, it is found that the plant of Glycine Max (L.) Merr. has the character of lead enrichment and sorption, which is not reported in the literature. Using Glycine Max (L.) Merr. alternate planting with Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort is a valuable recommended in order to produce a high quality Chinese medical materials in order to eliminate the barrier on the beyond the lead limit for the import and export of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.  相似文献   

大别山南部宿松磷矿含磷地层的时代归属与变形特征及其构造评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

侯明金  汤加富  高天山 《现代地质》2004,18(3):321-330

根据对大别山南部宿松磷矿含磷地层的区域分布、地层序列、时代归属、构造变形的系统研究,提出磷矿层属震旦系的新认识。含磷岩系经受了两次强烈的变形改造,原始层理经过了强烈改造,宿松磷矿构成总体包络面呈北西西走向、向南倾斜的褶皱化单斜。矿层的多层化、尖灭复合和加厚现象等主要受构造的控制,而非完全受古地形的控制。用褶皱的观点对原先勘探剖面中的磷矿体进行了重新圈连,籍以指导磷矿的调查、评价和开采。最后对磷矿分布的古地理特征进行了讨论,并从构造的观点对磷矿进行了评价。  相似文献   

磷对金刚石增强型硬质合金复合齿性能的影响     

刘晓阳  史晓亮  段隆臣  汤凤林 《煤田地质与勘探》2004,32(4):62-64

在金刚石增强型硬质合金复合齿基体中添加不同量红磷，可降低复合齿烧结温度，实现低温活化烧结。研究表明：添加0．3％(ωB)P的复合齿基体性能最好，采用化学镀Ni-P合金添加P和球磨添加0．1％P的方式，复合齿超硬部分的磨耗比和复合齿的抗冲击功优于单纯通过球磨添加0．3％P的超硬复合齿。为了实现金刚石增强型硬质合金复合齿的低温活化烧结，磷元素最优的添加方式是化学镀结合球磨的添加方式。  相似文献   

L'archivage des activités humaines par les neiges et glaces polaires : le cas du plomb     

Claude Boutron  Kevin Rosman  Carlo Barbante  Michael Bolshov  Freddy Adams  Sungmin Hong  Christophe Ferrari 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(10):847-867

The investigation of the occurrence of lead in dated snow and ice from Greenland and Antarctica has played a major role in our understanding of the history of the pollution of the atmosphere of our planet by this metal. Such studies have however proved to be very demanding, mainly because of the extreme purity of polar snow and ice. Reliable measurements can be obtained only if ultra-clean and highly sensitive procedures are used, as pioneered by Clair Patterson. The Greenland data show evidence of large-scale pollution of the atmosphere of the Northern Hemisphere for lead as early as two millennia ago during Greco–Roman times, especially because of mining and smelting activities in southern Spain. It peaked at the end of the 1960s, with lead concentrations in snow about 200 times higher than natural values, before declining during recent times because of the fall in the use of leaded gasoline. Lead pollution in Antarctica was already significant at the end of the 19th century as a consequence of whaling activities, the traffic of coal-powered ships crossing the Cape Horn, and mining activities in South America, South Africa and Australia. After declining because of the opening of the Panama Canal, the great economic depression and World War II, it reached a maximum during the 1980s, with lead concentrations 20 times higher than natural values. Other studies focus on past natural variations of lead in ancient ice dated from the last climatic cycles. To cite this article: C. Boutron et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献   

长江干流主要营养盐含量的变化特征——1998~1999年日中合作调查结果分析   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

徐开钦  林诚二  牧秀明  村上正吾  徐保华  渡边正孝 《地理学报》2004,59(1):118-124

根据1998年和1999年秋季在长江干流从重庆至长江口进行的纵向采样和分析,对长江干流的各态氮、磷含量的沿江变化进行研究。从整体上了解长江干流的水质变化特性,特别是营养盐含量的分布状况。研究结果表明,长江干流的SS浓度很高,介于50~400 mg/l。TN、TP浓度分别在70~110 滋mol/L、2~25 滋mol/L之间,前者以NO3-N为主,后者以PTP为主,PO4-P含量仅占TP的10%~20%。DIN/PO4-P的比值在70~160之间,远高于浮游植物生长P限制值,表明长江口及临近海域中P可能是生物生命活动的主要限制因素。葛洲坝水库对SS、TP、TN、NH4-N、BOD、COD等水质有一定的净化作用。长江水体在通过各大城市以及两大湖泊时,BOD、NH4-N负荷的增加迅速,特别是通过重庆、武汉、南京、上海及洞庭湖和鄱阳湖之后尤为明显。N、P含量的上升与人口增长、生活污水排放量及流域内化肥施用量增加有关。洞庭湖和鄱阳湖水系以及周围的面源负荷,对长江流域的营养盐变动有很大的影响。  相似文献   

Groundwater – the disregarded component in lake water and nutrient budgets. Part 2: effects of groundwater on nutrients          下载免费PDF全文

Jörg Lewandowski  Karin Meinikmann  Gunnar Nützmann  Donald O. Rosenberry 《水文研究》2015,29(13):2922-2955

Lacustrine groundwater discharge (LGD) transports nutrients from a catchment to a lake, which may fuel eutrophication, one of the major threats to our fresh waters. Unfortunately, LGD has often been disregarded in lake nutrient studies. Most measurement techniques are based on separate determinations of volume and nutrient concentration of LGD: Loads are calculated by multiplying seepage volumes by concentrations of exfiltrating water. Typically low phosphorus (P) concentrations of pristine groundwater often are increased due to anthropogenic sources such as fertilizer, manure or sewage. Mineralization of naturally present organic matter might also increase groundwater P. Reducing redox conditions favour P transport through the aquifer to the reactive aquifer‐lake interface. In some cases, large decreases of P concentrations may occur at the interface, for example, due to increased oxygen availability, while in other cases, there is nearly no decrease in P. The high reactivity of the interface complicates quantification of groundwater‐borne P loads to the lake, making difficult clear differentiation of internal and external P loads to surface water. Anthropogenic sources of nitrogen (N) in groundwater are similar to those of phosphate. However, the environmental fate of N differs fundamentally from P because N occurs in several different redox states, each with different mobility. While nitrate behaves essentially conservatively in most oxic aquifers, ammonium's mobility is similar to that of phosphate. Nitrate may be transformed to gaseous N₂ in reducing conditions and permanently removed from the system. Biogeochemical turnover of N is common at the reactive aquifer‐lake interface. Nutrient loads from LGD were compiled from the literature. Groundwater‐borne P loads vary from 0.74 to 2900 mg PO₄‐P m^?2 year^?1; for N, these loads vary from 0.001 to 640 g m^?2 year^?1. Even small amounts of seepage can carry large nutrient loads due to often high nutrient concentrations in groundwater. Large spatial heterogeneity, uncertain areal extent of the interface and difficult accessibility make every determination of LGD a challenge. However, determinations of LGD are essential to effective lake management. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献